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  • Title: Prolonged mobile phone use is associated with depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.
    Author: Liu J, Liu CX, Wu T, Liu BP, Jia CX, Liu X.
    Journal: J Affect Disord; 2019 Dec 01; 259():128-134. PubMed ID: 31450134.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Prolonged screen time has negative impacts on health and well-being. This study examined the association between the duration of mobile phone use (DMPU) and depressive symptoms in a large sample of Chinese adolescents. METHODS: 11,831 adolescent students participated in the baseline Shandong Adolescent Behavior and Health Cohort (SABHC) survey in Shandong, China in 2015. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure DMPU on weekdays and the weekend, sleep, mental health, and family environment. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Youth Self-Report (YSR) depression scales were used to assess depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 15.0 (SD = 1.5) and 51% were male. The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased with prolonged DMPU. After adjusting for adolescent and family covariates, DMPU ≥ 2 h/day on weekdays (OR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.48-2.15) and ≥ 5 h/day on the weekend (OR = 1.67, 95%CI = 1.41-1.98) was associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms as assessed by CES-D. The DMPU-depression association was found to be partially mediated by short sleep duration or insomnia. Similar associations were observed for depression as assessed by YSR. STUDY LIMITATION: This is a cross-sectional survey. Mobile phone use and depressive symptoms were measured by self-report. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged mobile phone use of ≥ 2 h on weekdays and ≥ 5 h on the weekend is associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. The association appears to be partially mediated by sleep disturbances.
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