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  • Title: Epidemiology of HIV infection and AIDS: incubation and infectious periods, survival and vertical transmission.
    Author: Anderson RM, Medley GF.
    Journal: AIDS; 1988; 2 Suppl 1():S57-63. PubMed ID: 3147681.
    Abstract:
    Recent research on the natural history of HIV infections and AIDS, specifically the incubation period of AIDS, infectiousness during this period, efficiency of vertical transmission and survival of AIDS patients is summarized. The AIDS incubation period is the duration of time from initial infection with HIV to development of symptoms of the disease. Timing of diagnosis varies depending on the criteria used and their interpretation in different studies. Seroconversion times lie between 40-60 days, with wide variability. The length of the early incubation period does not differ in groups of transfusion cases (hemophiliacs) and homosexuals, but are definitely shorter in perinatally infected infants (1 year). The mean incubation period in transfusion cases is 7.66 years. Theoretically, infectiousness peaks just after infection, and then later when the patient progresses to AIDS-related complex and to AIDS. There is some evidence, besides high levels of HIV antigen levels, to support this view. Perinatal, also called vertical, transmission of HIV is also more efficient when the mother exhibits AIDS symptoms. Survival times of AIDS patients averages 9-13 months. The type of disease symptoms influences survival, with those presenting with Kaposi's sarcoma showing longer survival. The percentage of longterm adult survivors, ( 4 years) is low, 2-5%. Perinatally infected infants survive only 8-9 months.
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