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  • Title: Comparative evaluation of irrigation waters on microbiological safety of spinach in field.
    Author: Yin HB, Gu G, Nou X, Patel J.
    Journal: J Appl Microbiol; 2019 Dec; 127(6):1889-1900. PubMed ID: 31489745.
    Abstract:
    AIMS: Effect of ground water (GW), secondary-treated wastewater (STWW) and roof-harvested rainwater (RHW) irrigation on microbiological quality of spinach in field was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Spinach grown at the Fulton farm (Chambersburg, PA) was spray-irrigated with GW, STWW or RHW once a week for 2 weeks in summer and fall seasons. Four replicate spinach and soil samples collected from two plots for each group were analysed for indicator and pathogenic bacteria on 0, 1, 2 and 4 days postirrigation (dpi). While total coliforms remained unchanged on spinach regardless of the treatment waters and growing seasons, populations of faecal coliform significantly decreased on RHW- and STWW-irrigated spinach as compared to spinach irrigated with GW at 4 dpi of each week in fall. Irrigation with STWW that contained Escherichia coli population <1·0 log CFU per 100 ml resulted in the lowest E. coli recovery on spinach in fall. Bacterial pathogens were not detected in any sample. CONCLUSIONS: The transference of indicator micro-organisms from irrigation waters to plants was influenced by the type of water and growing season. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Alternative water sources such as STWW and RHW containing low indicator bacterial populations may be suitable for spinach irrigation in the mid-Atlantic region. However, microbiological quality of these waters must be determined prior to their use for irrigation.
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