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  • Title: Executive working memory involved in the learning of contextual cueing effect.
    Author: Chen M, Wang C, Sclodnick B, Zhao G, Liu X.
    Journal: Exp Brain Res; 2019 Nov; 237(11):3059-3070. PubMed ID: 31538226.
    Abstract:
    Implicit learning of spatial layouts occurs when target-distractor configurations repeat during a visual search task [contextual cueing; Chun and Jiang in Cogn Psychol 36(1): 28-17, 1998]. This study addressed the extent to which contextual cueing depends on executive working memory (WM). In three experiments, participants performed a contextual cueing visual search task concurrently with a WM task. The WM task was either executive (subtract 3 from each digit in WM) or non-executive (hold digits in WM), and was either low load (Experiment 1) or high load (Experiment 2). Contextual cueing was attenuated in the high-load executive WM condition. Experiment 3 replicated our findings using a within-subjects design, and confirmed the interpretation that executive functions of WM are required in contextual learning.
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