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  • Title: Comparison of nalbuphine and fentanyl in combination with diazepam for outpatient oral surgery.
    Author: Dolan EA, Murray WJ, Immediata AR, Gleason N.
    Journal: J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 1988 Jun; 46(6):471-3. PubMed ID: 3164051.
    Abstract:
    Nalbuphine and fentanyl were compared as analgesic components of intravenous conscious sedation with diazepam in a double-blind, prospective trial of 50 patients undergoing elective oral surgery. Subjects were evaluated for intensity of pain, pain relief, sedation, anxiety, recall, and vital signs at systematic observation points intraoperatively and postoperatively. At the conclusion of surgery, 88% who received nalbuphine and 87% treated with fentanyl indicated complete pain relief. One observed adverse reaction was attributed to the combination of fentanyl and the sedative component diazepam. No statistically significant differences were observed between nalbuphine and fentanyl treatments.
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