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  • Title: Observation of a topological nodal surface and its surface-state arcs in an artificial acoustic crystal.
    Author: Yang Y, Xia JP, Sun HX, Ge Y, Jia D, Yuan SQ, Yang SA, Chong Y, Zhang B.
    Journal: Nat Commun; 2019 Nov 15; 10(1):5185. PubMed ID: 31729392.
    Abstract:
    Three-dimensional (3D) gapless topological phases can be classified by the dimensionality of the band degeneracies, including zero-dimensional (0D) nodal points, one-dimensional (1D) nodal lines, and two-dimensional (2D) nodal surfaces. Both nodal points and nodal lines have been realized recently in photonics and acoustics. However, a nodal surface has never been observed in any classical-wave system. Here, we report on the experimental observation of a twofold symmetry-enforced nodal surface in a 3D chiral acoustic crystal. In particular, the demonstrated nodal surface carries a topological charge of 2, constituting the first realization of a higher-dimensional topologically-charged band degeneracy. Using direct acoustic field measurements, we observe the projected nodal surface and its Fermi-arc-like surface states and demonstrate topologically-induced robustness of the surface states against disorders. This discovery of a higher-dimensional topologically-charged band degeneracy paves the way toward further explorations of the physics and applications of new topological semimetal phases.
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