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  • Title: Alcohol Consumption, Cigarette Smoking, and Risk of Breast Cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: Results from The BRCA1 and BRCA2 Cohort Consortium.
    Author: Li H, Terry MB, Antoniou AC, Phillips KA, Kast K, Mooij TM, Engel C, Noguès C, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Lasset C, Berthet P, Mari V, Caron O, GENEPSO study, Barrowdale D, Frost D, Brewer C, Evans DG, Izatt L, Side L, Walker L, Tischkowitz M, Rogers MT, Porteous ME, Snape K, EMBRACE study, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Gille JJP, Blok MJ, Hoogerbrugge N, HEBON Investigators, Daly MB, Andrulis IL, Buys SS, John EM, McLachlan SA, Friedlander M, kConFab Investigators, Tan YY, Osorio A, Caldes T, Jakubowska A, Simard J, Singer CF, Olah E, Navratilova M, Foretova L, Gerdes AM, Roos-Blom MJ, Arver B, Olsson H, Schmutzler RK, Hopper JL, Milne RL, Easton DF, Van Leeuwen FE, Rookus MA, Andrieu N, Goldgar DE.
    Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 2020 Feb; 29(2):368-378. PubMed ID: 31792088.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption have been intensively studied in the general population to assess their effects on the risk of breast cancer, but very few studies have examined these effects in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Given the high breast cancer risk for mutation carriers and the importance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in DNA repair, better evidence on the associations of these lifestyle factors with breast cancer risk is essential. METHODS: Using a large international pooled cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, we conducted retrospective (5,707 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 3,525 BRCA2 mutation carriers) and prospective (2,276 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 1,610 BRCA2 mutation carriers) analyses of alcohol and tobacco consumption using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: For both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, none of the smoking-related variables was associated with breast cancer risk, except smoking for more than 5 years before a first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) when compared with parous women who never smoked. For BRCA1 mutation carriers, the HR from retrospective analysis (HRR) was 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.39] and the HR from prospective analysis (HRP) was 1.36 (95% CI, 0.99-1.87). For BRCA2 mutation carriers, smoking for more than 5 years before an FFTP showed an association of a similar magnitude, but the confidence limits were wider (HRR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.55 and HRP = 1.30; 95% CI, 0.83-2.01). For both carrier groups, alcohol consumption was not associated with breast cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS: The finding that smoking during the prereproductive years increases breast cancer risk for mutation carriers warrants further investigation. IMPACT: This is the largest prospective study of BRCA mutation carriers to assess these important risk factors.
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