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  • Title: Morphine alters preproenkephalin gene expression.
    Author: Uhl GR, Ryan JP, Schwartz JP.
    Journal: Brain Res; 1988 Sep 06; 459(2):391-7. PubMed ID: 3179713.
    Abstract:
    Rats made tolerant/dependent to morphine by s.c. implantation of drug pellets displayed a significant decrease in striatal preproenkephalin mRNA that persisted during the period of withdrawal. Levels of Met-enkephalin were normal at the end of treatment, but reduced after withdrawal. The direction and time-course of these alterations are consistent with roles for altered neuronal gene expression in the phenomena of opiate tolerance and dependence.
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