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  • Title: Serum levels of interleukin-34 and clinical correlation in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.
    Author: Liu Y, Zhang B, Lei Y, Xia L, Lu J, Shen H.
    Journal: Int J Rheum Dis; 2020 Mar; 23(3):374-380. PubMed ID: 31823505.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: To measure the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-34 in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and evaluate the cytokine's clinical association with the disease. METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from 66 pSS patients and 32 healthy controls (HCs) and measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IL-34 levels. The clinical parameters, including autoantibodies, immunoglobulins (Igs), complements (Cs), inflammatory indicators, involvement of the blood system, lung and arthritis, were collected simultaneously. Two-sample t test was applied for comparison between 2 groups, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the associations between IL-34 levels and laboratory parameters. RESULTS: Serum IL-34 levels were significantly elevated in pSS patients compared with HCs. Patients with anti-Ro/SSA antibody positivity showed higher serum IL-34 levels than those who were negative, as did the anti-La/SSB antibody-positive patients. Serum IL-34 levels were positively associated with the levels of rheumatoid factor, IgG and gamma-globulin, but not associated with IgA, IgM, C3, C4, erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein. For the pSS subgroups with and without leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia or interstitial lung disease (ILD), there was no significant difference in serum IL-34 levels. Interestingly, the pSS patients with arthritis had higher levels of IL-34 compared with the no-arthritis patients. CONCLUSIONS: IL-34 may be involved in B cell activation and production of antibodies in pSS.
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