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  • Title: Ultra-low HIV-1 p24 detection limits with a bioelectronic sensor.
    Author: Macchia E, Sarcina L, Picca RA, Manoli K, Di Franco C, Scamarcio G, Torsi L.
    Journal: Anal Bioanal Chem; 2020 Feb; 412(4):811-818. PubMed ID: 31865415.
    Abstract:
    Early diagnosis of the infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is vital to achieve efficient therapeutic treatment and limit the disease spreading when the viremia is at its highest level. To this end, a point-of-care HIV-1 detection carried out with label-free, low-cost, and ultra-sensitive screening technologies would be of great relevance. Herein, a label-free single molecule detection of HIV-1 p24 capsid protein with a large (wide-field) single-molecule transistor (SiMoT) sensor is proposed. The system is based on an electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor whose gate is bio-functionalized with the antibody against the HIV-1 p24 capsid protein. The device exhibits a limit of detection of a single protein and a limit of quantification in the 10 molecule range. This study paves the way for a low-cost technology that can quantify, with single-molecule precision, the transition of a biological organism from being "healthy" to being "diseased" by tracking a target biomarker. This can open to the possibility of performing the earliest possible diagnosis.
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