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  • Title: In vivo relationship between near-infrared spectroscopy-detected lipid-rich plaques and morphological plaque characteristics by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound: a multimodality intravascular imaging study.
    Author: Zanchin C, Ueki Y, Losdat S, Fahrni G, Daemen J, Ondracek AS, Häner JD, Stortecky S, Otsuka T, Siontis GCM, Rigamonti F, Radu M, Spirk D, Kaiser C, Engstrom T, Lang I, Koskinas KC, Räber L.
    Journal: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging; 2021 Jun 22; 22(7):824-834. PubMed ID: 31990323.
    Abstract:
    AIMS: We assessed morphological features of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-detected lipid-rich plaques (LRPs) by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). METHODS AND RESULTS: IVUS-NIRS and OCT were performed in the two non-infarct-related arteries (non-IRAs) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for treatment of an acute coronary syndrome. A lesion was defined as the 4 mm segment with the maximum amount of lipid core burden index (maxLCBI4mm) of each LRP detected by NIRS. We divided the lesions into three groups based on the maxLCBI4mm value: <250, 250-399, and ≥400. OCT analysis and IVUS analysis were performed blinded for NIRS. We measured fibrous cap thickness (FCT) by using a semi-automated method. A total of 104 patients underwent multimodality imaging of 209 non-IRAs. NIRS detected 299 LRPs. Of those, 41% showed a maxLCBI4mm <250, 39% a maxLCBI4mm 251-399, and 19% a maxLCBI4mm ≥400. LRPs with a maxLCBI4mm ≥400, as compared with LRPs with a maxLCBI4mm 250-399 and <250, were more frequently thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) (42.1% vs. 5.1% and 0.8%; P < 0.001) with a smaller minimum FCT (80 μm vs. 110 μm and 120 μm; P < 0.001); a higher IVUS-derived percent atheroma volume (53% vs. 53% and 44%; P < 0.001) and a higher remodelling index (1.08 vs. 1.02 and 1.01; P < 0.001). MaxLCBI4mm correlated with OCT-derived FCT (r = 0.404; P < 0.001) and was the best predictor for TCFA with an optimal cut-off value of 401 (area under the curve = 0.882; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: LRPs with increasing maxLCBI4mm exhibit OCT and IVUS features of presumed plaque vulnerability including TCFA morphology, increased plaque burden, and positive remodelling.
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