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  • Title: Airway Diagnostics: Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Tracheal Wash, and Pleural Fluid.
    Author: Couetil LL, Thompson CA.
    Journal: Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract; 2020 Apr; 36(1):87-103. PubMed ID: 32145836.
    Abstract:
    Indications for bronchoalveolar lavage, tracheal wash, and thoracocentesis for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases are discussed. Each technique is described in detail and illustrated by videos. Sample handling, preparation and evaluation are reviewed. The advantages and limitations of bronchoalveolar lavage and tracheal wash procedures as well as a critical comparison between the 2 techniques for equine asthma diagnosis are presented. Finally, validated cut-off values for equine asthma diagnosis are reviewed.
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