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  • Title: Surgical Management of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.
    Author: Vaghaiwalla T, Keutgen XM.
    Journal: Surg Oncol Clin N Am; 2020 Apr; 29(2):243-252. PubMed ID: 32151358.
    Abstract:
    Surgical management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETS) is steadily evolving and is influenced by multiple factors. Sporadic PNETs are generally managed more aggressively than those occurring in the background of hereditary syndromes, and functioning PNETs are almost always resected if they are not metastatic. Localized nonfunctioning PNETs less than 2 cm can often be observed. Surgical resection for localized PNET greater than 2 cm comprises parenchymal sparing pancreas resections, such as enucleations, or formal anatomic resection, such as distal pancreatectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy. PNETs commonly metastasize to the liver, and several systemic and liver-directed options to treat hepatic metastases are available.
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