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  • Title: Effects of dairy products on bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Author: Shi Y, Zhan Y, Chen Y, Jiang Y.
    Journal: Arch Osteoporos; 2020 Mar 18; 15(1):48. PubMed ID: 32185512.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of dairy products on bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy postmenopausal women. METHODS: The EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for relevant studies. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the effect size. Subgroup analysis and Begg's test were conducted. RESULTS: Six studies with a total of 618 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Milk was the main dairy product used in the trials. There was a significant association between dairy product consumption and BMD of the lumbar spine (SMD 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.37, P = 0.009), femoral neck (SMD 0.36, 95% CI 0.19-0.53, P < 0.001), total hip (SMD 0.37, 95% CI 0.20-0.55, P < 0.001), and total body (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.39-0.77, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis suggested that there was a positive effect of dairy product consumption on the BMD of the total hip starting from 12 months and the femoral neck starting from 18 months. There was also a positive association with the BMD in the four sites in people living in low-calcium intake countries. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides evidence that dairy products can increase BMD in healthy postmenopausal women. Dairy product consumption should be considered an effective public health measure to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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