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  • Title: Extramedullary Disease in Multiple Myeloma.
    Author: Jagosky MH, Usmani SZ.
    Journal: Curr Hematol Malig Rep; 2020 Apr; 15(2):62-71. PubMed ID: 32198576.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Extramedullary disease (EMD) is a rare but recognized manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by involvement of several organs including skin, liver, lymphatic system, pleura, and central nervous system. The incidence is about 3-5% in newly diagnosed MM patients, but has been reported in up to 20% patients in the relapsed MM setting. RECENT FINDINGS: Presence of EMD has been associated with more aggressive phenotype of MM, elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme, and high-risk cytogenetics [deletion 17p, translocation (4;14), translocation (14;16)]. There are several hypotheses of how EMD occurs, including factors leading to bone marrow emancipation and hematogenous spread. The treatment schema usually follows that of high-risk MM. The current review summarizes the disease characterization data, along with available data on clinical activity of available anti-MM agents for this entity.
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