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  • Title: Acute Effects of Three Different Meal Patterns on Postprandial Metabolism in Older Individuals with a Risk Phenotype for Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.
    Author: Schönknecht YB, Crommen S, Stoffel-Wagner B, Coenen M, Fimmers R, Holst JJ, Simon MC, Stehle P, Egert S.
    Journal: Mol Nutr Food Res; 2020 May; 64(9):e1901035. PubMed ID: 32223057.
    Abstract:
    SCOPE: The aim of this study is to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. METHODS: In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obese participants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three different isoenergetic meals: Western diet-like high-fat (WDHF), Western diet-like high-carbohydrate (WDHC), and Mediterranean diet (MED) meal. Blood samples are collected at fasting and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h postprandially and analyzed for parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidation, and antioxidant status. RESULTS: Compared to MED and WDHF meals, intake of a WDHC meal results in prolonged and elevated increases in glucose and insulin. Elevations for triglycerides are enhanced after the WDHF meal compared to the MED and the WDHC meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and interleukin-6 increase postprandially without meal differences. Apart from vitamin C showing an increase after the MED meal and a decrease after WDHF and WDHC meals, antioxidant markers decrease postprandially without meal differences. Plasma interleukin-1β is not affected by meal intake. CONCLUSIONS: Energy-rich meals induce hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, an inflammatory response, and a decrease in antioxidant markers. A meal typical for the Mediterranean diet results in favorable effects on glycemic, insulinemic, and lipemic responses.
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