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  • Title: Chronological variation in chemical composition of urinary calculi between 1965-68 and 1982-86 in north western India.
    Author: Thind SK, Sidhu H, Nath R, Malakandaiah GC, Vaidyanathan S.
    Journal: Trop Geogr Med; 1988 Oct; 40(4):338-41. PubMed ID: 3227555.
    Abstract:
    The chemical composition of 210 urinary calculi either spontaneously passed or surgically removed during January 1965-December 1968 was compared with the chemical composition of 1338 urinary calculi received during July 1982-June 86. The proportion of vesical calculi had significantly decreased from 30.48% (n = 64) during 1965-68 to 8.37% (n = 112), during 1982-86 (p less than 0.001). During 1965-68, magnesium was present in 16%, ammonium in 31% and urate in 33% of vesical calculi. But during 1982-86, the percentage of vesical calculi containing magnesium and ammonium was nil (p less than 0.001), but 76.8% of vesical calculi contained urate (p less than 0.001). Similarly, during 1965-68, 35.6% of renal calculi containing magnesium, 20% contained ammonium, 13.6% contained carbonate and urate was present in 32.2% of renal calculi. In contrast during 1982-86, magnesium was detected in only 0.24% of renal calculi (p less than 0.001), ammonium in 0.16% (p less than 0.001) and carbonate in 3.9% (p less than 0.001) but 57.4% of renal calculi contained urate (p less than 0.001).
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