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  • Title: Nicotine exposure during breastfeeding reduces sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue and increases in white adipose tissue in adult rats: Sex-related differences.
    Author: Peixoto TC, Moura EG, Soares PN, Bertasso IM, Pietrobon CB, Caramez FAH, Miranda RA, Oliveira E, Manhães AC, Lisboa PC.
    Journal: Food Chem Toxicol; 2020 Jun; 140():111328. PubMed ID: 32298727.
    Abstract:
    Nicotine transfer via breast milk induces obesity in the adult offspring. We hypothesize that sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and white adipose tissue (WAT) lipogenesis/adipogenesis are altered in adult rats that were exposed to nicotine exclusively during the breastfeeding period. Lactating Wistar rats were separated into two groups: nicotine (NIC), dams implanted with osmotic minipumps containing 6 mg/kg of nicotine at postnatal day (PN) 2; control, dams were implanted with saline-containing minipumps. Euthanasia occurred at PN120 or PN180. NIC offspring had lower BAT SNS activity and higher BAT lipid content. NIC males showed lower UCP1, β3-AR and CPT1a, while NIC females showed lower UCP1, TRα1, CPT1a, suggesting lower thermogenesis. NIC males showed higher WAT SNS activity, WAT β3-AR, adrenal catecholamine, FAS, PPARγ and adipocytes area, while NIC females showed higher ACC, FAS, CEBPβ and PPARγ. These findings indicate increased lipogenesis/adipogenesis in both sexes, with a possible compensatory sympathetic activated-lipolysis in males. NIC males had higher hypothalamic pAMPK/AMPK, explaining the lower BAT sympathetic activity. Neonatal nicotine exposure reduces BAT SNS activity and thermogenesis, and, only in males, increases WAT adipogenesis/lipogenesis, despite higher WAT SNS activity. These alterations can be associated with obesogenesis in this programming model.
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