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  • Title: First evidence of explosives and their degradation products in dab (Limanda limanda L.) from a munition dumpsite in the Baltic Sea.
    Author: Koske D, Straumer K, Goldenstein NI, Hanel R, Lang T, Kammann U.
    Journal: Mar Pollut Bull; 2020 Jun; 155():111131. PubMed ID: 32310096.
    Abstract:
    Corrosion and disintegration of munition shells from the World Wars increase the risk that explosives are released into the marine environment, exposing a variety of organisms. Only few studies investigated contamination of fish with explosives in the field under environmental conditions. Here we present a comprehensive study on the contamination status of dab (Limanda limanda) from a munition dumpsite and from reference sites in the Baltic Sea. Bile of 236 dab from four different study sites, including a dumpsite for conventional munitions, was investigated and explosive compounds were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Five explosive compounds were identified, including 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrolouene, and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine. 48% of the samples from the dumpsite contained at least one explosive compound. The results prove that toxic explosive compounds from a dumpsite in the Baltic Sea are accumulated by flatfish and may therefore pose a risk to fish health and human food safety.
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