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  • Title: The long noncoding RNA EMBP1 inhibits the tumor suppressor miR-9-5p and promotes renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis.
    Author: Hong Y, Yuan Z, Huang R, Wu Z, Li Y.
    Journal: Nefrologia (Engl Ed); 2020; 40(4):429-439. PubMed ID: 32482375.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have garnered interest because of their roles in cancer progression. We aimed to explore the role of the lncRNA embigin pseudogene 1 (EMBP1)-miR-9-5p axis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression profiling of miR-9-5p and EMBP1 were performed in RCC cell lines and tumor samples. To evaluate miR-9-5p and EMBP1's role in proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation, we performed in vitro assays along with studies in a xenograft tumor model. In silico binding site analysis using the RNA22 algorithm, RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP), and luciferase reporter assays were used to validate a direct interaction between EMBP1 and miR-9-5p. Changes in key proteins were also analyzed. RESULTS: miR-9-5p was significantly down-regulated, and EMBP1 was significantly up-regulated, in RCC cell lines and tumor tissue. The clinicopathological characteristics of RCC patients significantly correlated with their expression. Overexpression of miR-9-5p or EMBP1 suppression in RCC cell lines significantly retarded their proliferative, migratory, and invasive behavior, in addition to promoting apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. EMBP1 directly binds to and negatively regulates miR-9-5p. The EMBP1-miR-9-5p axis dysregulated the expression of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers E-cadherin, claudin, and vimentin, the stemness markers KLF4 and Nanog, and the cell cycle checkpoint gene cyclin E2 (CCNE2) and its downstream mediator E2F1. miR-9-5p overexpression or EMBP1 suppression inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo, effects that were abrogated by CCNE2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an important role of the EMBP1/miR-9-5p axis dysregulation in RCC tumor progression.
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