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  • Title: Association between secondhand smoke exposure and diabetes mellitus in 131 724 Korean never smokers using self-reported questionnaires and cotinine levels: Gender differences.
    Author: Kim BJ, Kim JH, Kang JG, Kim BS, Kang JH.
    Journal: J Diabetes; 2021 Jan; 13(1):43-53. PubMed ID: 32613744.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the gender-different associations between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and diabetes in self-reported never smokers verified by cotinine. METHODS: Self-reported never smokers verified by cotinine levels (<50 ng/mL) enrolled in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study between April 2011 and December 2016 were included for this study. SHS exposure was defined as current exposure to passive smoke indoors at home or workplace. The gender-specific association between SHS exposure and diabetes was assessed using multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS: Of the total 131 724 individuals (mean age 35 years, SD 7.1 years), 66.8% were female, and the prevalence of SHS exposure in the entire population was 22.9%. The prevalence of diabetes in the group exposed to SHS was higher than that in the group unexposed to SHS only in females (1.8% vs 1.2%, P < .001 for females; 2.2% vs 2.2%, P = .956 for males). A significant gender interaction existed for the relationships between SHS exposure and diabetes (P for interaction <.001). The multivariate regression model showed that SHS exposure was significantly associated with diabetes only in females (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.40 [1.20, 1.65] for females; 1.00 [0.85, 1.19] for males). In particular, females with SHS exposure ≥1 hour/day, ≥3 times/week, and ≥10 years showed an increased risk of diabetes by more than 50% compared to those without SHS exposure. CONCLUSIONS: SHS exposure was significantly associated with diabetes in female never smokers with dose-dependent relationship. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the gender difference in the incidence of diabetes associated with SHS exposure. 背景: 这项研究旨在比较二手烟(SHS)暴露与糖尿病之间的性别差异, 这些从未吸烟者的自我报告经可替宁水平证实。 方法: 研究对象为2011年4月至2016年12月在Kangbuk三星健康研究中通过可替宁水平(<50 ng/ml)证实的自我报告的从不吸烟者。SHS暴露被定义为在家或工作场所室内被动吸烟。通过多变量回归分析评估SHS暴露和糖尿病之间的性别相关性。 结果: 在131 724人(平均年龄35岁, SD 7.1岁)中, 女性占66.8%, 整个人群中SHS暴露的患病率为22.9%。仅在女性中发现暴露于SHS组的糖尿病患病率高于未暴露组(女性 1.8% vs 1.2%, P<0.001; 男性2.2% vs 2.2%, P=0.956) , SHS暴露与糖尿病之间存在显著的性别交互作用(P<0.001)。多元回归模型显示, 仅在女性中, SHS与糖尿病发生显著相关[优势比(95% CI), 女性为1.40(1.20, 1.65); 男性为1.00(0.85, 1.19)]。与不暴露于SHS的女性相比, 暴露≥1 h/d每天、每周≥3次、累计≥10年的女性患糖尿病风险增加50%以上。 结论: 女性非吸烟者接触SHS与糖尿病发生显著相关, 且呈剂量依赖关系。还需要进一步的纵向研究阐明与SHS暴露相关的糖尿病发病率的性别差异。.
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