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  • Title: Hemorrhagic necrotizing enterocolitis associated with Clostridium difficile infection in four foals.
    Author: Jones RL, Adney WS, Alexander AF, Shideler RK, Traub-Dargatz JL.
    Journal: J Am Vet Med Assoc; 1988 Jul 01; 193(1):76-9. PubMed ID: 3262102.
    Abstract:
    Severe hemorrhagic necrotizing enterocolitis was determined to be the cause of death for 4 foals. Toxigenic Clostridium difficile was isolated form the intestine of each foal, and large, gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria lined the surface of necrotic villi. This finding of toxigenic C difficile associated with enteritis in foals adds another possible cause to the list of infectious agents that should be considered when evaluating foals with enteritis. Definitive diagnosis requires a thorough diagnostic evaluation, including procedures that will identify the organism and demonstrate its toxigenicity.
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