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  • Title: Adherence to exclusive enteral nutrition by adults with active Crohn's disease is associated with conscientiousness personality trait: a sub-study.
    Author: Wall CL, McCombie A, Mulder R, Day AS, Gearry RB.
    Journal: J Hum Nutr Diet; 2020 Dec; 33(6):752-757. PubMed ID: 32627898.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: It is probable that psychosocial factors predict adherence to exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN). Conscientiousness is an intrapersonal factor associated with greater medication adherence and healthy eating behaviours. This sub-study aimed to determine whether adherence to EEN was associated with conscientiousness. METHODS: Two groups of adults aged 16-40 years, were recruited to use EEN. Adults with active Crohn's disease used either EEN for 8 weeks or 2 weeks of EEN followed by 6 weeks of partial enteral nutrition (PEN). A control group of healthy adults used EEN for 2 weeks. Participants who reported eating food during EEN, ate more than one meal per day during PEN, or could not initiate or tolerate the oral nutritional supplements were defined as non-adherent. Conscientiousness was measured using the conscientiousness subset of the Big Five Inventory. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients with active Crohn's disease (mean age 24.8 years) and 21 healthy adults (mean age 27.3 years) completed the conscientiousness questionnaire. In the Crohn's disease group, 23 (59%) completed and adhered to the treatments compared to 17 (81%) healthy adults; their conscientiousness scores were similar. Adherence and completion by the Crohn's disease group were associated with a greater mean conscientiousness score 35.57 (95% confidence interval = 32.88-38.25) compared to 30.13 (95% confidence interval = 26.53-33.73) in the non-adherent Crohn's disease group (P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Conscientiousness was associated with treatment adherence. EEN can be a cognitively and emotionally demanding treatment for active adults with Crohn's disease; thus, considering personality traits may help determine suitable candidates.
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