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  • Title: International legal instruments in the field of bioethics and their impact on protection of human rights.
    Author: Horodovenko VV, Pashkov VM, Udovyka LG.
    Journal: Wiad Lek; 2020; 73(7):1554-1560. PubMed ID: 32759454.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: Introduction: A rapid development of biomedicine, genetics, pharmacology, transplantation and biotechnology has posed a number of problems to humanity, in particular, with regard to human rights protection in healthcare. These problems solution requires considering the achievements and propositions of biology, medicine, ethics and law. International legal standards in the field of bioethics are of significance in development of national states regulations on bioethics and biotic legislation. Aim: To investigate the impact of international legal instruments in the field of bioethics on protection of human rights. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: In the research the international legal instruments and documents in the field of healthcare and bioethics were used. Civilizational, axiological, dialectical, systemic and comparative legal methods as well as systematization, analysis and synthesis were decisive in the research process. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Legal instruments in the field of biomedical technologies (directives and regulations) are mainly advisory by nature. In many cases, the problems arising in biotechnology are resolved through establishment and involvement of national supervision bodies: councils (commissions, committees) in bioethics as well as courts. An important role in protection of human rights in the field of biotechnology is played by the ECHR the decisions of which are dynamic, based on the Convention and consideration of national legislations. At the same time, a number of problems remain unresolved because of constant development of biomedical technologies, necessity to take into account the latest achievements and discoveries as well as all types and methods of applying of genetic engineering to humans. In general, insufficient attention is paid to the problems of medical biotechnologies application both at the international and national levels.
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