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Title: [Clinical effects of vacuum sealing drainage in the treatment of alkali burn wounds].
Author: Huang CG, Jia ZG, Gu ZQ, Zhao P, Lyu GZ.
Journal: Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi; 2020 Jul 20; 36(7):534-539. PubMed ID: 32842399.
Abstract:
Objective: To preliminarily observe the clinical effects of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of alkali burn wounds. Methods: From June 2016 to March 2020, 60 male patients with alkali burns who met the inclusion criteria and hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University were recruited in this prospectively randomized control study. According to the random number table, silver sulfadiazine group and VSD group were both allocated with 30 patients, aged (36±8) and (35±10) years respectively; with total burn area of (7.2±2.0) % and (8.5±3.0) % total body surface area respectively. After admission, patients in silver sulfadiazine group were treated with conventional silver sulfadiazine dressing change once a day after debridement; patients in VSD group were given continuous VSD treatment after debridement, with the negative pressure setting at -10.67 kPa, and the negative pressure materials were replaced every 6 to 8 days. On treatment day 1, 4, and 7, the exudate from the wounds of patients in silver sulfadiazine group and the wound drainage fluid of patients in VSD group were collected, the pH value was measured by a portable pH meter, and the volume of exudate/drainage fluid was measured. After 7, 14, and 21 days of treatment, the wound healing rates of patients were calculated in the two groups. Before treatment and 7 days after treatment, venous blood was collected from the patients in the two groups to detect the serum level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). Within treatment day 14, Visual Analogue Scale was used to assess the pain score of patients in the two groups during each time of dressing change. The medical costs and discharge satisfaction scores of patients in the two groups were recorded. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) On treatment day 1, 4, and 7, the pH values of the drainage fluid of patients in VSD group were 9.75±0.59, 9.01±0.46, and 8.13±0.28, respectively, which were significantly higher than 9.35±0.62, 8.18±0.18, and 7.58±0.09 of exudate of patients in silver sulfadiazine group (t=2.03, 6.80, 7.56, P<0.05 or P<0.01). On treatment day 1 and 4, the volumes of drainage fluid of patients in VSD group were (553±83) and (239±65) mL respectively, which were significantly higher than (440±77) and (175±49) mL of exudate of patients in silver sulfadiazine group (t=3.44, 2.24, P<0.05). On treatment day 7, the volume of drainage fluid of patients in VSD group was (21±8) mL, which was significantly lower than (149±44) mL of exudate of patients in silver sulfadiazine group (t=-12.61, P<0.01). (2) After 7, 14, and 21 days of treatment, the wound healing rates of patients in VSD group were (39±6) %, (74±10) %, and (92±3) %, respectively, which were significantly higher than (25±3) %, (59±6) %, and (77±6) % in silver sulfadiazine group (t=7.07, 5.59, 7.09, P<0.01). (3) Before treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 of patients in the two groups were similar. After 7 days of treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 of patients in VSD group were significantly lower than those in silver sulfadiazine group (t=-8.75, -8.04, P<0.01). (4) The pain score during dressing change and medical cost of patients in VSD group were significantly lower than those in silver sulfadiazine group (t=-4.28, -7.56, P<0.01), while the discharge satisfaction score of patients in VSD group was significantly higher than that in silver sulfadiazine group (t=10.91, P<0.05). Conclusions: The application of VSD technology in clinical alkali burn wounds can effectively promote the removal of residual lye, alleviate the further damage of lye to skin tissue, shorten the wound healing time, effectively remove inflammatory mediators, reduce the pain of dressing change, decrease the total cost of treatment, and enhance satisfaction of patient. 目的： 初步观察负压封闭引流(VSD)治疗碱烧伤创面的效果。 方法： 2016年6月—2020年3月，江南大学附属医院收治的60例男性碱烧伤患者符合入选标准，对其进行前瞻性随机对照研究。按随机数字表法将患者分为磺胺嘧啶银组30例和VSD组30例，年龄分别为(36±8)、(35±10)岁，烧伤总面积分别为(7.2±2.0)%、(8.5±3.0)%体表总面积。入院后，磺胺嘧啶银组患者给予清创后常规磺胺嘧啶银换药治疗，每日换药1次；VSD组患者给予清创后持续VSD治疗，将负压设置为-10.67 kPa，每6～8天更换1次负压材料。治疗第1、4、7天，收集磺胺嘧啶银组患者创面渗出液和VSD组患者创面引流液，采用便携式pH计行pH值检测并统计渗出液/引流液量；治疗7、14、21 d后，计算2组患者创面愈合率；治疗前、治疗7 d后，采集2组患者静脉血，检测血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)水平；治疗14 d内每次换药时采用视觉模拟评分法评估2组患者疼痛评分；统计2组患者医疗费用、出院时满意度评分。对数据进行重复测量方差分析、t检验和Bonferroni校正。 结果： (1)治疗第1、4、7天，VSD组患者引流液pH值分别为9.75±0.59、9.01±0.46、8.13±0.28，明显高于磺胺嘧啶银组患者渗出液的9.35±0.62、8.18±0.18、7.58±0.09，t＝2.03、6.80、7.56，P<0.05或P<0.01。治疗第1、4天，VSD组患者引流液量分别为(553±83)、(239±65)mL，明显多于磺胺嘧啶银组患者渗出液的(440±77)、(175±49)mL，t＝3.44、2.24，P<0.05；治疗第7天，VSD组患者引流液量为(21±8)mL，明显少于磺胺嘧啶银组患者渗出液的(149±44)mL，t＝-12.61，P<0.01。(2)治疗7、14、21 d后，VSD组患者创面愈合率分别为(39±6)%、(74±10)%、(92±3)%，均明显高于磺胺嘧啶银组的(25±3)%、(59±6)%、(77±6)%，t＝7.07、5.59、7.09，P<0.01。(3)治疗前，2组患者血清中TNF-α和IL-8水平均相近；治疗7 d后，VSD组患者血清中TNF-α和IL-8水平均明显低于磺胺嘧啶银组(t＝-8.75、-8.04，P<0.01)。(4)VSD组患者换药时疼痛评分、医疗费用明显低于磺胺嘧啶银组(t＝-4.28、-7.56，P<0.01)，患者出院时满意度评分明显高于磺胺嘧啶银组(t＝10.91，P<0.05)。 结论： VSD技术应用于临床碱烧伤创面可有效促进残留碱液的去除，减轻碱液对皮肤组织的进一步损伤，缩短创面愈合时间，有效去除炎症介质，减轻换药疼痛，降低治疗总费用，提高患者满意度。.

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