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  • Title: The Gruca operation for congenital absence of the fibula.
    Author: Thomas IH, Williams PF.
    Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Br; 1987 Aug; 69(4):587-92. PubMed ID: 3301859.
    Abstract:
    An alternative to Syme's amputation for congenital absence of the fibula is described in this paper. Nine children have had the ankle reconstructed using the Gruca technique with a very satisfactory result in eight. This procedure is not suitable for every patient and in most unilateral cases the operation can only be regarded as an interim procedure because of progressive leg-length inequality. The decision to remove the foot may be delayed and it allows childhood to be spent without resort to prostheses. However, the procedure can be considered as the definitive operation in cases of bilateral deformity.
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