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  • Title: Brownian heat engine with active reservoirs.
    Author: Lee JS, Park JM, Park H.
    Journal: Phys Rev E; 2020 Sep; 102(3-1):032116. PubMed ID: 33075980.
    Abstract:
    Microorganisms such as bacteria are active matter which consume chemical energy and generate their unique run-and-tumble motion. A swarm of such microorganisms provide a nonequilibrium active environment whose noise characteristics are different from those of thermal equilibrium reservoirs. One important difference is a finite persistence time, which is considerably large compared to that of the equilibrium noise, that is, the active noise is colored. Here we study a mesoscopic energy-harvesting device (engine) with active reservoirs harnessing this noise nature. For an exactly solvable linear model, we show that the performance from the active environment can surpass that from the equilibrium environment. Furthermore, we propose a proper definition of the active-reservoir temperature and show that the engine efficiency can overcome the conventional Carnot bound, thus the power-efficiency trade-off constraint is released. We also show that the efficiency at the maximum power can surpass the Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency. This remarkable enhancement originates from the extra unconventional entropy production beyond the conventional Clausius entropy production, due to the non-Markovian nature of the active reservoirs. Interestingly, the supremacy of the active engine critically depends on the timescale symmetry of two active reservoirs.
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