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  • Title: X-ray microanalysis of growth cartilage after rapid freezing, low temperature freeze drying and embedding in resin.
    Author: Appleton J.
    Journal: Scanning Microsc; 1987 Sep; 1(3):1135-44. PubMed ID: 3310204.
    Abstract:
    This paper reviews the work undertaken on the X-ray microanalysis of growth cartilage particularly in relation to matrix calcification. Attention is focused on the methodology available to accurately localize and retain the elements of interest. A method is described which involves rapid freezing, low temperature freeze drying in a custom built device, and embedding in Spurr resin. The results show that little tissue damage occurs and that elements of physiological interest are accurately localized at the sub-cellular level. Where damage occurs to chondrocytes as a result of freezing, however, dense intra mitochondrial granules are seen suggesting a phase transformation takes place resulting in the precipitation of calcium phosphate. Further improvements may be made in retaining the more labile elements such as K by using resins which polymerize at low temperature.
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