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  • Title: Stromal cell regulation of lymphoid and myeloid differentiation.
    Author: Quesenberry PJ, McNiece IK, Robinson BE, Woodward TA, Baber GB, McGrath HE, Isakson PC.
    Journal: Blood Cells; 1987; 13(1-2):137-46. PubMed ID: 3311214.
    Abstract:
    In vitro microenvironmental influences seem to be critical for both B lymphocyte and myeloid differentiation. Studies on murine Dexter cultures and Whitlock-Witte lymphocyte cultures suggest the presence of two critical stromal regulatory cells: an alkaline-phosphatase-positive epithelioid cell and a macrophage. Further data suggest that these cells are capable of producing colony stimulating factor-1, granulocyte-macrophage CSF, a myeloid synergizing activity, and probably separate B cell growth factors. Isolation of a cell line from Dexter stroma was accomplished and this line produced CSF-1, GM-CSF, a pre-B cell and myeloid synergizing activity, and an activity acting on differentiated B cells. We speculate that the Dexter and Whitlock-Witte in vitro culture systems are regulated by factors produced by the two adherent cell types. A lineage nonspecific factor capable of inducing cells into the B lineage or synergizing with interleukin-3, GM-CSF, and CSF-1 is produced, which presumably acts on early stem cells. In addition, the cell line produces GM-CSF, CSF-1, and a factor acting on differentiated B cells. We speculate that in these culture systems, these "terminal differentiating hormones" regulate the final pathway of differentiation, whereas the pre-B-synergizing activity supports early stem cells that can then respond to the other differentiating hormones.
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