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  • Title: [Assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk along the Yangtze River basin after the flood disaster in 2020].
    Author: Zhang LJ, Zhu HQ, Wang Q, Lü S, Xu J, Li SZ.
    Journal: Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi; 2020 Oct 21; 32(5):464-468. PubMed ID: 33185056.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the flood disaster on schistosomiasis transmission along the Yangtze River basin in 2020, so as to provide insights into schistosomiasis prevention and control in flood-affected areas. METHODS: The data pertaining to the endemic situation of schistosomiasis were collected from 5 provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu from 2013 to 2019, including Schistosoma japonicum infections in humans and livestock and snail distribution, and the warning water levels and actual water status were collected in water regions locating in these 5 provinces. The cumulative numbers of S. japonicum egg-positive individuals and bovines during the period from 2013 to 2019, the area of snail habitats in 2019 and the water level on July 12, 2020 were estimated at a county level and employed as parameters for classification of schistosomiasis transmission risk. Then, the cumulative value of each risk index was calculated to assess the risk of schistosomiasis transmission risk. RESULTS: After the flood disaster along the Yangtze River basin in 2020, there were 10, 5 and 9 counties (districts) at high risk of schistosomiasis transmission in 5 provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu based on number of egg-positive individuals, number of egg-positive bovines and snail distribution, respectively. Based on comprehensive risk indices, there were 10 (8 in Dongting Lake regions of Hunan Province and 2 in Poyang Lake regions of Jiangxi Province) and 15 counties (districts) (4 in Hubei Province, 7 in Hunan Province and 4 in Jiangxi Province) identified at grades 5 and 4 risk of schistosomiasis transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Dongting Lake regions and Poyang Lake regions are the most severely flood-affected schistosomiasis-endemic foci of China in 2020, and the flood disaster may facilitate the transmission of schistosomiasis in affected areas. Therefore, schistosomiasis control requires to be intensified after the flood disaster to prevent the rebound of the disease. ［摘要］ 目的 了解 2020 年长江流域洪涝灾害对血吸虫病传播的影响, 为洪涝灾害发生地区血吸虫病防控提供依据。方法 收集 2013-2019 年湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏等 5 个血吸虫病流行省份 (湖区 5 省) 人群和家畜血吸虫感染、钉螺分布等疫情资料, 以及相关水域警戒水位、实际水情等数据。以流行县 (市、区) 为单位, 统计 2013-2019 年湖区 5 省累计血吸虫病粪检阳性人数和阳性牛数、2019 年钉螺分布面积、2020 年 7 月 12 日水位等数据, 并以此为风险等级评估指标, 计算各项风险指标累加值, 分析血吸虫病传播综合风险水平。结果 2020 年长江流域洪涝灾害发生后, 湖区 5 省基于粪检阳性人数、粪检阳性牛数、钉螺分布等单项风险指标的血吸虫病传播高风险流行县 (市、区) 分别有 10、5 个和 9 个; 基于综合风险指标的5级和4级血吸虫病传播风险流行县 (市、区) 分别有 10 个 (湖南省洞庭湖区8个、江西省鄱阳湖区 2 个) 和 15 个 (湖北省 4 个、湖南省 7 个、江西省 4 个) 。结论 洞庭湖区和鄱阳湖区是受 2020 年洪涝灾害影响最严重的血吸虫病流行区, 洪涝灾害可能加剧这些地区血吸虫病传播和流行; 需加强灾后血吸虫病防控工作, 防止血吸虫病疫情回升。.
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