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  • Title: Diversity of variant alleles encoding Kidd, Duffy, and Kell antigens in individuals with sickle cell disease using whole genome sequencing data from the NHLBI TOPMed Program.
    Author: Dinardo CL, Oliveira TGM, Kelly S, Ashley-Koch A, Telen M, Schmidt LC, Castilho S, Melo K, Dezan MR, Wheeler MM, Johnsen JM, Nickerson DA, Jain D, Custer B, Pereira AC, Sabino EC, NHLBI Recipient Epidemiology Donor Evaluation Study (REDS-III) International Component-Brazil, the Outcome Modifying Genes in SCD (OMG) study and the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Program Sickle Cell Disease Working Group.
    Journal: Transfusion; 2021 Feb; 61(2):603-616. PubMed ID: 33231305.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Genetic variants in the SLC14A1, ACKR1, and KEL genes, which encode Kidd, Duffy, and Kell red blood cell antigens, respectively, may result in weakened expression of antigens or a null phenotype. These variants are of particular interest to individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), who frequently undergo chronic transfusion therapy with antigen-matched units. The goal was to describe the diversity and the frequency of variants in SLC14A1, ACKR1, and KEL genes among individuals with SCD using whole genome sequencing (WGS) data. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Two large SCD cohorts were studied: the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study III (REDS-III) (n = 2634) and the Outcome Modifying Gene in SCD (OMG) (n = 640). Most of the studied individuals were of mixed origin. WGS was performed as part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. RESULTS: In SLC14A1, variants included four encoding a weak Jka phenotype and five null alleles (JKnull ). JKA*01N.09 was the most common JKnull . One possible JKnull mutation was novel: c.812G>T. In ACKR1, identified variants included two that predicted Fyx (FY*X) and one corresponding to the c.-67T>C GATA mutation. The c.-67T>C mutation was associated with FY*A (FY*01N.01) in four participants. FY*X was identified in 49 individuals. In KEL, identified variants included three null alleles (KEL*02N.17, KEL*02N.26, and KEL*02N.04) and one allele predicting Kmod phenotype, all in heterozygosity. CONCLUSIONS: We described the diversity and distribution of SLC14A1, ACKR1, and KEL variants in two large SCD cohorts, comprising mostly individuals of mixed ancestry. This information may be useful for planning the transfusion support of patients with SCD.
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