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  • Title: Barefoot walking changed relative timing during the support phase but not ground reaction forces in children when compared to different footwear conditions.
    Author: Heidner GS, Nascimento RB, Aires AG, Baptista RR.
    Journal: Gait Posture; 2021 Jan; 83():287-293. PubMed ID: 33232866.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of available biomechanical kinetic data comparing shod and barefoot conditions in children. RESEARCH QUESTION: Do children wearing footwear have comparable gait velocity, ground reaction forces (GRF), spatiotemporal parameters, propulsive and braking impulses when compared to children walking barefoot? METHODS: Seventy-five children were divided into four groups: Group 1 females aged 4-9 years old (n = 29). Group 2 females aged 3-5 years old (n = 16). Group 3 males aged 6-9 years old (n = 13). Group 4 males aged 4-8 years old (n = 17). Children walked at a self-selected pace over a walkway of force platforms. Each footwear and barefoot represented a separate condition. The order of conditions was randomized. A repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to investigate the effects of the footwear type on gait parameters in each group. Multiple comparisons with Bonferroni corrections were conducted when appropriate. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in velocity or in vertical and anteroposterior GRF across conditions for all groups. There was a significant effect of the footwear worn on time to loading response peak (p = 0.008), time to midstance force (p = 0.006), and time to propulsive peak (p < 0.001). For Group 3, there was a significant effect of the footwear worn on time to braking peak (p < 0.001) and time to propulsive peak (p < 0.001). Regarding impulses for Group 1, there was a significant effect of the footwear worn on the loading response impulse (p = 0.016) and terminal stance and pre-swing impulse (p = 0.001). For Group 4, there was a significant effect of the footwear worn on the loading response impulse (p = 0.028). SIGNIFICANCE: There is no influence of the evaluated children's footwear on gait velocity or GRF.
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