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  • Title: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and postnatal growth following extremely preterm birth.
    Author: Dassios T, Williams EE, Hickey A, Bunce C, Greenough A.
    Journal: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed; 2021 Jul; 106(4):386-391. PubMed ID: 33334820.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: To report the current incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to compare changes in weight and head circumference between infants who developed BPD and infants who did not. DESIGN: Retrospective, whole-population study. SETTING: All neonatal units in England between 2014 and 2018. PATIENTS: All liveborn infants born <28 completed weeks of gestation. INTERVENTIONS: The change in weight z-score (ΔWz) was calculated by subtracting the birthweight z-score from the weight z-score at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and at discharge. The change in head circumference z-score (ΔHz) was calculated by subtracting the birth head circumference z-score from the head circumference z-score at discharge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: BPD was defined as the need for any respiratory support at 36 weeks PMA. RESULTS: 11 806 infants were included in the analysis. The incidence of BPD was 57.5%, and 18.9% of the infants died before 36 weeks PMA. The median (IQR) ΔWz from birth to 36 weeks PMA was significantly smaller in infants who developed BPD (-0.69 (-1.28 to -0.14), n=6105) than in those who did not develop BPD (-0.89 (-1.40 to -0.33), n=2390; adjusted p<0.001). The median (IQR) ΔHz from birth to discharge was significantly smaller in infants who developed BPD (-0.33 (-1.69 to 0.71)) than in those who did not develop BPD (-0.61 (-1.85 to 0.35); adjusted p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Postnatal growth was better in infants diagnosed with BPD compared with infants without BPD possibly due to more aggressive nutrition strategies.
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