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  • Title: Antibacterial, anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of Artemisia dracunculus essential oil (EO): a study against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.
    Author: Mohammadi Pelarti S, Karimi Zarehshuran L, Babaeekhou L, Ghane M.
    Journal: Arch Microbiol; 2021 May; 203(4):1529-1537. PubMed ID: 33399891.
    Abstract:
    The study evaluates the effect of Artemisia dracunculus essential oil (EO) on two pathogenic bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus and Vero cell line. To evaluating the anti-biofilm potential of the EO, a microtiter-plate test (MtP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The quorum-sensing inhibitory properties were examined by QS-related gene expression at sub-MIC concentrations of Artemisia dracunculus EO. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) test was used to determine the cytotoxicity potential of the EO against the Vero cell line and finally, the major components of the EOs were determined using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the tested EO against S. Typhimurium and S. aureus were 2.5 and 1.25 μl/ml, respectively. In addition, the minimum bactericidal concentration was 5 and 2.5 μl/ml for S. Typhimurium and S. aureus, respectively. Both MtP and SEM showed an acceptable inhibitory and disruption effect of the EO on the biofilm formation at Sub-MIC concentrations. Significant downregulation of luxS, pfs, and hld genes by treatment with MIC/2 concentration of A. dracunculus EO was observed. The IC50 value of A. dracunculus EO against Vero cells was 20 μl/ml. The main detected compound using GC-MS was estragole (methyl chavicol or tarragon) (64.94%). Anti-biofilm, QSI activity, and non-toxicity of A. dracunculus EO reported for the first time in this study propose the use of these plant compounds as alternatives to antibiotics and chemical additives.
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