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  • Title: Active and realistic passive marijuana exposure tested by three immunoassays and GC/MS in urine.
    Author: Mulé SJ, Lomax P, Gross SJ.
    Journal: J Anal Toxicol; 1988; 12(3):113-6. PubMed ID: 3386204.
    Abstract:
    Human urine samples obtained before and after active and passive exposure to marijuana were analyzed by immune kits (Roche, Amersham, and Syva) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Seven of eight subjects were positive for the entire five-day test period with one immune kit. The latter correlated with GC/MS in 98% of the samples. Passive inhalation experiments under conditions likely to reflect realistic exposure resulted consistently in less than 10 ng/mL of cannabinoids. The 10-100-ng/mL cannabinoid concentration range essential for detection of occasional and moderate marijuana users is thus unaffected by realistic passive inhalation.
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