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  • Title: [Efficacy of endovascular treatment of distal aortic dissection involving abdominal visceral segment with bare-metal stents related technique].
    Author: Xia SB, Song C, Zhang L, Pei YF, Yuan LX, Li HY, Mao HJ, Lu QS.
    Journal: Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi; 2021 Apr 24; 49(4):380-386. PubMed ID: 33874689.
    Abstract:
    Objective: To investigate the effect of bare-metal stent related technique on distal aortic dissection involving abdominal visceral segment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 33 patients with distal aortic dissection involved abdominal visceral segment, who hospitalized in the Vascular Surgery Department of Shanghai Changhai Hospital from July 2012 to September 2019. The effect of the treatment was evaluated according to the clinical and preoperative, intraoperative and follow-up imaging data derived from (aorta computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)) as well as the changes of the maximal diameter of the aorta and the thrombosis of the false lumen of the dissection. The criteria were as follows: the maximum diameter change of aortic dissection<5 mm was defined as stable; the maximum diameter decrease of aortic dissection≥5 mm was defined as effective reduction; the maximum diameter increase of aortic dissection≥5 mm was defined as expansion; the definition of diameter change of false lumen was the same as above. The hospital complications, clinical symptoms and survival were recorded. Results: There were 28 male patients in this cohort, the mean age was (57.6±4.9) years old. Twenty-one patients were treated with bare-metal stent and coils technique, of which 8 patients were jointly treated with stent grafts. Twelve patients were treated with multi-layer bare-metal stent technique, of which 4 patients were jointly treated with stent grafts. Intraoperative DSA image results showed that the visceral arteries were patent during the treatment, and the blood flow velocity of the false lumen was reduced in all 33 patients. There were no adverse events such as distal outflow tract embolism and coil displacement during the operation. During the period of hospitalization, one patient developed intimal rupture of subrenal abdominal aortic dissection on the fourth day after operation and emergency endovascular graft exclusion was performed for abdominal aortic dissection, and the patient recovered well from the emergency operation. The follow-up time was (16.7±14.0) months. One patient died 1 year after surgery due to non-disease-related factors. Follow-up CTA imaging results showed that the maximum diameter of the aorta in abdominal visceral segment tended to be smaller ((39.1±13.4) mm vs. (41.3±11.9) mm, P=0.469), and the maximum diameter of the false lumen was significantly reduced ((16.2±12.9) mm vs. (23.5±10.7) mm, P=0.014). The maximum diameter of the aortic dissection was reduced in 12 cases, stable in 19 cases, expanded in 2 cases. The maximum diameter of the false lumen was effectively reduced in 22 cases, stable in 10 cases, and expanded in 1 case. Four patients developed small endoleak in the false lumen, one of them was nearby the renal artery stent, and the remaining patients experienced complete thrombosis of the false lumen. Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of distal aortic dissection involving abdominal visceral segment with bare-metal stents related technique could promote the shrink and the thrombosis of the false lumen, and slow down the blood flow from the tear into the false lumen in the setting of patency of visceral arteries. 目的： 探讨裸支架相关技术治疗涉及腹主动脉内脏分支区的主动脉远端夹层的效果。 方法： 本研究为观察性研究，选取2012年7月至2019年9月在上海长海医院接受裸支架相关技术腔内治疗的主动脉远端夹层患者33例。分析术前、术中及术后影像学资料［全主动脉CT血管成像（CTA）及数字减影血管造影（DSA）］，根据患者主动脉直径的变化及夹层的假腔血栓化情况来评价治疗效果，判断标准：主动脉夹层最大直径变化<5 mm为稳定；主动脉夹层最大直径缩小≥5 mm为有效缩小，主动脉夹层最大直径增加≥5 mm为扩张；假腔的直径变化定义同上。记录院内并发症、出院后的临床症状及生存情况。 结果： 本研究共纳入33例主动脉远端夹层患者，其中男性28例，年龄为（57.6±4.9）岁。21例患者采用裸支架+弹簧圈技术，其中8例联合覆膜支架；12例采用多层裸支架技术，其中4例联合覆膜支架。术中DSA结果显示，33例患者主动脉真腔及分支动脉均通畅，假腔血流速度减慢，无远端流出道栓塞及弹簧圈不良移位等不良事件。在院期间1例患者术后第4天发生肾下腹主动脉夹层内膜破裂，急诊行腹主动脉夹层腔内隔绝术，院内恢复可。术后随访时间为（16.7±14.0）个月，1例患者（院内2次手术）术后出现腰背部酸痛，术后1年非疾病死亡，其余患者均存活。全主动脉CTA结果显示，分支区主动脉夹层最大直径较术前有减小趋势［（39.1±13.4）mm比（41.3±11.9）mm，P=0.469］，假腔最大直径缩小［（16.2±12.9）mm比（23.5±10.7）mm，P=0.014］。主动脉远端夹层最大直径有效缩小12例、稳定19例、扩张2例，主动脉远端夹层假腔最大直径有效缩小22例、稳定10例、有效扩张1例。4例患者假腔存在内漏，1例患者肾动脉支架处存在内漏，余患者假腔血栓化良好。 结论： 使用裸支架相关技术对涉及腹主动脉内脏分支区的主动脉远端夹层进行腔内治疗，可以在保证分支动脉通畅的前提下，有效封闭夹层裂口，有效促进远期夹层假腔血栓化及假腔直径缩小。.
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