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  • Title: [Arolla index. A study of 88 cases of frostbite during a high-mountain race].
    Author: Reymond M, Rigo M.
    Journal: J Chir (Paris); 1988 Apr; 125(4):239-44. PubMed ID: 3392130.
    Abstract:
    A sudden change in meteorological conditions provoked frostbite in 88 competitors in a high mountain race, 31 lesions being of 1st degree, 38 of superficial 2nd degree, 12 of deep 2nd degree and 7 of 3rd degree severity. Etiology, localization, treatment and outcome of the lesions are discussed. The precise knowledge of weather conditions and position of patrols over the length of the course enabled intensity of cold exposure to be related to onset of frostbite: an index termed "Arolla" is proposed which in contrast to the windchill index allows for exposure time. Distribution of patrols using standardized equipment allowed determination of importance of individual factors: the latter is considerable. Medical care in high mountain situations is commented upon.
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