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  • Title: IL-35 promotes EMT through STAT3 activation and induces MET by promoting M2 macrophage polarization in HCC.
    Author: He Y, Pei JH, Li XQ, Chi G.
    Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 2021 Jun 25; 559():35-41. PubMed ID: 33932898.
    Abstract:
    The tumor microenvironment and interplay with cancer cells could promote tumor growth and metastasis. Here we report that polarization state of macrophages could affect epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). IL-35 level secreted by M1 macrophage was significantly higher than M2 macrophage and it facilitated EMT process through activation of STAT3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Interestingly, IL-35 could not directly promote MET, but it could indirectly induce MET of HCC cells through M2 macrophage polarization. These results indicated the level of IL-35 in tumor microenvironment may fluctuate at different stages of oncogenesis to regulate epithelial plasticity of HCC and provide potential therapeutic targets for tumor metastasis.
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