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Title: [Impact of iron deficiency on prognosis of heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction].
Author: Fu H, Nie SP, Bai R.
Journal: Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi; 2021 May 24; 49(5):479-486. PubMed ID: 34034382.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the impact of iron deficiency (ID) on prognosis in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods: A total of 215 consecutive patients with HFpEF, who visited the cardiovascular outpatient department of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, were enrolled in this prospective study. The plasma ferritin level and transferin saturation were measured. Patients were divided into two groups: ID group and non-ID group. ID patients were further divided into absolute ID subgroup and functional ID subgroup. Patients were followed up to 1 year. The endpoints of the study were all-cause mortality and rehospitalization for heart failure (HF). The independent predictors of outcome were determined by Cox regression model. The quality of life of patients was evaluated at the end of the follow-up. Results: The age of this patient cohort was (67±8) years, 39.1% patients were male. The prevalence of ID was 54.4%. Within one year of follow-up, 37 patients (17.2%) died and 70 patients (32.6%) were rehospitalized for HF. Compared to non-ID group, patients in ID group were older, had higher heart rate, lower plasma hemoglobin level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) value, had a higher prevalence of anemia and chronic kidney disease (P all<0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that all-cause mortality and rehospitalization for HF in HFpEF patients with ID were higher than patients without ID, and prognosis was similar between patients with absolute ID and functional ID. Multivariable regression analysis showed that ID was an independent predictor for all-cause mortality and rehospitalization for HF in HFpEF patients. The of 6 minutes walking distance was shorter ((356.0±98.3)m vs. (389.2±94.3)m, P=0.023), and the value in Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire was lower ((58.06±10.43) m vs. (61.51±11.64) m, P = 0.039) in patients with ID than patients without ID. Conclusion: In patients with chronic HFpEF, ID is an independent predictor for all-cause mortality and rehospitalization for HF at one year of follow-up, independent of the types of ID. 目的： 探讨缺铁对慢性射血分数保留的心力衰竭（heart failure with preserved ejection fraction，HFpEF）患者预后的影响。 方法： 本研究为前瞻性研究，连续收集215例在北京安贞医院心内科门诊就诊的慢性HFpEF患者。收集患者的年龄、性别、实验室检查等临床资料，根据血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度将患者分为缺铁组和非缺铁组，缺铁组内分为绝对性和功能性缺铁组两个亚组。随访1年，终点事件为全因死亡和因心力衰竭（心衰）恶化再住院。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估缺铁组和非缺铁组以及不同类型的缺铁亚组患者终点事件的发生情况，建立Cox回归模型分析终点事件的风险预测因子，并对存活患者进行生存质量评估。 结果： 215例HFpEF患者年龄为（67.9±7.9）岁，男性84例（39.1%），缺铁组117例（54.4%）。缺铁组的HFpEF患者年龄大、心率快，合并贫血和慢性肾脏病的患者比例高，血浆血红蛋白浓度和肾小球滤过率低（P均<0.05）。1年的随访期间，37例（17.2%）患者死亡，缺铁组28例（23.9%），非缺铁组9例（9.2%）；70例（32.6%）患者因心衰再次住院，缺铁组49例（41.9%），非缺铁组21例（21.4%）。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示，缺铁组HFpEF患者1年全因死亡率和心衰再住院率高于非缺铁组（分别为log rank P=0.005和0.002），但这两个终点事件在不同缺铁类型的患者中差异无统计学意义（分别为log rank P=0.458和0.480）。Cox回归模型分析显示，缺铁是全因死亡和心衰再住院发生的独立风险预测因子（分别为HR=2.402，95%CI 1.12~5.151，P=0.024；HR=1.995，95%CI 1.192~3.339，P=0.009）。随访结束后存活178例，其中缺铁组和非缺铁组均为89例（50.0%）。缺铁组的HFpEF患者6 min步行试验距离短［（356.0±98.3）m比（389.2±94.3）m，P=0.023］，堪萨斯城心肌病调查问卷评分低［（58.1±10.4）m比（61.5±11.6）m，P=0.039］。 结论： 缺铁是慢性HFpEF患者1年内全因死亡和心衰再住院的独立风险预测因子，但这一影响与缺铁的类型无关。.

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