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  • Title: [Risk factors of blood loss during liver transplantation in children with biliary atresia and its influence on prognosis].
    Author: Han C, Meng XC, Sun C, Dong C, Zheng WP, Wang K, Qin H, Yang Y, Zhang FB, Xu M, Cao SQ, Gao W.
    Journal: Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi; 2021 Jun 01; 59(6):491-496. PubMed ID: 34102733.
    Abstract:
    Objectives: To study the risk factors for massive intraoperative blood loss in children with biliary atresia who underwent liver transplantation for the first time,and to analyze their impacts on graft survival,hospital stay and postoperative complications. Methods: The data of 613 children with biliary atresia who underwent liver transplantation at Department of Pediatric Organ Transplantation,Tianjin First Central Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were collected and analyzed. There were 270 males and 343 females, aged 7.4 (3.9) months (range: 3.2 to 148.4 months), the body weight of the recipients were (7.8±3.5) kg (range: 4.0 to 43.3 kg).According to the 85th quad of estimated blood loss(EBL),they were divided into two groups:massive EBL group(96 cases) and non massive EBL group(517 cases). The age,height,weight and other factors between the two groups were analyzed and compared. Univariate Logistic regression and multiple stepwise regression were used to determine the risk factors of massive EBL. Then,the postoperative complications of the two groups,including portal vein thrombosis and portal vein anastomotic stenosis etc.,were analyzed and compared by chi square test. Kaplan Meier curve and log rank test were used to analyze the recipient and graft survival rate of the two groups. Results: During the study period,713 transplants were performed and 613 patients were enrolled in the study. Ninety-six patients(15.7%) had massive EBL,and the postoperative hospital stay was 21(16) days(range:2 to 116 days),the hospital stay of non-massive EBL group was 22(12)days(range:3 to 138 days)(U=24 224.0,P=0.32). Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the recipient's weight,Kasai portoenterostomy,platelet count,operation time and cold ischemia time were the risk factors of massive EBL during biliary atresia transplantation. Multiple regression analysis showed that cold ischemia time ≥10 hours,prolonged operation time(≥8 hours) and body weight<5.5 kg were important independent risk factors for massive EBL.The incidence of portal vein thrombosis,hepatic vein stenosis,intestinal leakage and pulmonary infection in patients with massive EBL were significantly higher than those without massive EBL(3.1% vs. 0.8%,9.4% vs. 2.1%,6.3% vs. 0.8%,30.2% vs. 20.1%,all P<0.05). The 3-year overall graft and recipient survival rate were significantly lower in patients with massive EBL than those without massive EBL(87.5% vs. 95.7%,P=0.001;84.4% vs. 95.4%,P<0.01,respectively). Conclusions: In children with biliary atresia who underwent liver transplantation for the first time,the effective control of intraoperative bleeding should shorten the operation time and reduce the cold ischemia time as far as possible,on the premise of ensuring the safety of operation. For children without growth disorder,the weight of children should be increased to more than 5.5 kg as far as possible to receive the operation. Reducing intraoperative bleeding is of great significance to the prognosis of children. 目的： 探讨胆管闭锁患儿首次肝移植术中大量出血的相关因素及其对预后的影响。 方法： 回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月在天津市第一中心医院儿童器官移植科行肝移植的613例胆管闭锁患儿的临床资料。男270例，女343例；受者年龄为7.4（3.9）个月（范围：3.2~148.4个月）；体重为（7.8±3.5）kg（范围：4.0~43.3 kg）。以所有移植患儿的第85分位估计出血量（EBL）（74 ml/kg）为界值，将患儿分为大量EBL组（96例）和非大量EBL组（517例）。采用单因素Logistic回归分析、多元逐步回归分析研究发生大量EBL的相关因素；再通过χ²检验比较两组患儿的术后并发症发生率，包括门静脉血栓形成、门静脉吻合口狭窄等。通过Kaplan-Meier曲线、Log-rank检验分别比较两组患儿的总体生存率及移植物存活率。 结果： 大量EBL组患儿术后住院时间为［M（QR）］21（16）d（范围：2~116 d），非大量EBL组为22（12）d（范围：3~138 d）（U=24 224.0，P=0.320）。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，受者体重、是否有葛西手术史、血小板计数、手术时间、冷缺血时间是胆管闭锁患儿肝移植术中发生大量EBL的相关因素。多元回归分析结果显示，冷缺血时间（≥10 h比<10 h）、手术时间（≥8 h比<8 h）、体重（<5.5 kg比≥5.5 kg）是胆管闭锁患儿肝移植术中发生大量EBL的独立相关因素（P值均<0.05）。大量EBL受者术后门静脉血栓形成、肝静脉狭窄、肠漏、肺感染的发生率均高于非大量EBL组（3.1%比0.8%、9.4%比2.1%、6.3%比0.8%、30.2%比20.1%，P值均<0.05）。大量EBL受者的3年总体生存率及总体移植物存活率较非大量EBL组明显降低（87.5%比95.7%、84.4%比95.4%，P值均<0.05）。 结论： 对于首次行肝移植手术的胆管闭锁患儿，为有效控制术中出血，应在确保手术安全的前提下，尽量缩短手术时间，减少冷缺血时间，对于不合并成长障碍的患儿，应尽量让患儿体重增重至5.5 kg以上。减少术中出血对患儿预后有非常重要的意义。.
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