These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: [Simultaneous determination of 30 antibiotics in soil by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].
    Author: Hu Y, Zhu Q, Hu L, Liao C.
    Journal: Se Pu; 2021 Aug; 39(8):878-888. PubMed ID: 34212588.
    Abstract:
    The complexity of the soil matrix, as well as the wide spectrum and trace levels of antibiotic residues in soil, make highly sensitive instrumental methods, efficient purification and enrichment methods, and simultaneous determination of multiple antibiotics key and challenging aspects in the analysis of antibiotics in soil. In this study, a solid phase extraction-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 30 antibiotics (grouped into seven categories: sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides, β-lactams, amphenicols, and lincosamides) in soil samples. In the UHPLC-MS/MS experiment, florfenicol and chloramphenicol were analyzed in the negative ionization multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, and the other 28 target analytes were analyzed in the positive MRM mode. Sensitive MS conditions were realized by optimizing the instrumental parameters such as collision energy and declustering potential. The effects of the injection solvent (proportion of methanol to water) and mobile phase (types and compositions of the solvents) on the shape and intensity of the chromatographic peaks were studied. The optimized UHPLC conditions were as follows: injection solvent, 10%(v/v) methanol aqueous solution; chromatographic column, BEH-C18 column; mobile phase, methanol and water both containing 0.1%(v/v) formic acid; flow rate, 0.4 mL/min; sample injection volume, 5.0 μL. The effects of the extraction solution (the types and compositions of solvents) and clean-up processes (pH of the loading solution, as well as the types and compositions of the rinse solution and elution solvent) on the method performance were investigated. The acetonitrile/Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer showed better extraction efficiency for fluoroquinolones than did the methanol/Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer. Improved recoveries of sulfonamides, macrolides, tetracyclines, and β-lactams were observed when the pH of the loading solution was set to 8.0. The recoveries of sulfadiazine and amoxicillin increased with a decrease in the proportion of methanol to water for the rinse solution. Compared to individual methanol or acetonitrile, the methanol-acetonitrile (1∶1, v/v) mixture showed better elution efficiency for the target analytes. The optimized pretreatment conditions were determined as follows: the soil sample was spiked with mixed internal standards, and then extracted with 10 mL of acetonitrile/Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer (1∶1, v/v) by shaking for 30 min and ultrasonication for 15 min. The extraction was repeated three times. The sample extract was adjusted to pH 8.0 and loaded onto an Oasis HLB cartridge for purification. The cartridge was rinsed with 10 mL of water to remove impurities and eluted with 10 mL of methanol-acetonitrile (1∶1, v/v). Quantitative analysis was conducted using the isotope internal standard method. The method limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.013-1.21 and 0.043-4.04 μg/kg, respectively. The correlation coefficients of the calibration curve were 0.992-1.00, suggesting good linearity of the method. At three spiked levels (20, 100, and 200 μg/kg), the average recoveries of most target antibiotics were 44.8% to 164%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.700% to 14.8%. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the 30 antibiotics in six soil samples. Seventeen antibiotics were detected in the soil samples, and the total contents of the antibiotics in each sample ranged from 73.4 to 184 μg/kg. Twelve antibiotics with a detection frequency of 100% included roxithromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, fleroxacin, lomefloxacin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, and penicillin G. Ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were the predominant antibiotics in the soils, with contents in the range of 13.7-32.1 and 15.6-43.6 μg/kg, respectively. The developed method is simple, rapid, and solvent-saving, and it shows promise for use in the simultaneous determination of trace levels of the 30 antibiotics in soil. 土壤基质复杂,土壤中残留的抗生素种类繁多,浓度多为痕量水平,高灵敏度的仪器方法、有效的净化和富集方法、多种类抗生素的同时检测是土壤中抗生素检测的重点和难点。该研究建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定土壤中7类(磺胺类、氟喹诺酮类、四环素类、大环内酯类、β-内酰胺类、酰胺醇类和林可酰胺类)30种抗生素的方法。首先,通过参数优化确定最佳质谱条件,选择BEH-C18色谱柱,以0.1%(v/v)甲酸甲醇溶液-0.1%(v/v)甲酸水溶液为流动相,10%(v/v)甲醇水溶液为进样溶剂。然后,通过提取条件(萃取剂种类及体积)和固相萃取条件(上样液pH、淋洗液有机溶剂比例、洗脱液种类及体积)的优化,确定使用10 mL乙腈和Na2EDTA-McIlvaine缓冲液的混合溶液(1:1, v/v)为萃取剂,萃取液pH调节至8.0后,采用HLB小柱进行固相萃取,并以10 mL超纯水淋洗净化,最后用10 mL甲醇-乙腈(1:1, v/v)洗脱目标分析物。在优化的分析条件下,该方法的定量限为0.043~4.04 μg/kg,目标化合物的标准曲线线性关系良好,相关系数在0.992~1.00的范围内,在20、100、200 μg/kg的添加浓度下,大多数目标化合物的加标回收率范围为44.8%~164%,相对标准偏差为0.700%~14.8%。将该方法用于6个实际土壤样品的分析,结果显示在30种抗生素中,17种抗生素有检出,其中12种抗生素的检出率为100%。环丙沙星和诺氟沙星是土壤样品中含量最高的两种抗生素,它们的含量范围分别是13.7~32.1和15.6~43.6 μg/kg。本研究建立的方法简单、快速、溶剂使用量少,能用于土壤样品中痕量水平的7类30种抗生素的同时测定。
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]