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  • Title: Approach to the Patient: Pharmacological Management of Trans and Gender-Diverse Adolescents.
    Author: O'Connell MA, Nguyen TP, Ahler A, Skinner SR, Pang KC.
    Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 2022 Jan 01; 107(1):241-257. PubMed ID: 34476487.
    Abstract:
    Internationally, increasing numbers of children and adolescents with gender dysphoria are presenting for care. In response, gender-affirming therapeutic interventions that seek to align bodily characteristics with an individual's gender identity are more commonly being used. Depending on a young person's circumstances and goals, hormonal interventions may aim to achieve full pubertal suppression, modulation of endogenous pubertal sex hormone effects, and/or development of secondary sex characteristics congruent with their affirmed gender. This is a relatively novel therapeutic area and, although short-term outcomes are encouraging, longer term data from prospective longitudinal adolescent cohorts are still lacking, which may create clinical and ethical decision-making challenges. Here, we review current treatment options, reported outcomes, and clinical challenges in the pharmacological management of trans and gender-diverse adolescents.
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