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  • Title: Vaccination induces rapid protection against bacterial pneumonia via training alveolar macrophage in mice.
    Author: Gu H, Zeng X, Peng L, Xiang C, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Wang N, Guo G, Li Y, Liu K, Gu J, Zeng H, Zhuang Y, Li H, Zhang J, Zhang W, Zou Q, Shi Y.
    Journal: Elife; 2021 Sep 20; 10():. PubMed ID: 34544549.
    Abstract:
    Vaccination strategies for rapid protection against multidrug-resistant bacterial infection are very important, especially for hospitalized patients who have high risk of exposure to these bacteria. However, few such vaccination strategies exist due to a shortage of knowledge supporting their rapid effect. Here, we demonstrated that a single intranasal immunization of inactivated whole cell of Acinetobacter baumannii elicits rapid protection against broad A. baumannii-infected pneumonia via training of innate immune response in Rag1-/- mice. Immunization-trained alveolar macrophages (AMs) showed enhanced TNF-α production upon restimulation. Adoptive transfer of immunization-trained AMs into naive mice mediated rapid protection against infection. Elevated TLR4 expression on vaccination-trained AMs contributed to rapid protection. Moreover, immunization-induced rapid protection was also seen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia models, but not in Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae model. Our data reveal that a single intranasal immunization induces rapid and efficient protection against certain Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia via training AMs response, which highlights the importance and the possibility of harnessing trained immunity of AMs to design rapid-effecting vaccine.
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