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  • Title: [Analysis of 13 cases with pediatric rheumatic disease combined with endocrine disorder].
    Author: Hou J, Song FY, Xu YJ, Su GX, Kang M, Li SN, Wu FQ, Zhou ZX, Lai JM.
    Journal: Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi; 2021 Oct 02; 59(10):865-870. PubMed ID: 34587684.
    Abstract:
    Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of children with rheumatic disease combined with endocrine disorder. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data, including sex, age, clinical presentation, laboratory tests, treatment and outcome, of 13 patients with rheumatic diseases combined with endocrine disorder, who were admitted to our department in Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2014 to December 2020. Results: Among the 13 cases, 3 were males and 10 were females, without family history. Their age was (10±4) years. And the average course of disease was 4.1 months. Eight of them were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), 2 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 1 with childhood vasculitis, 1 with juvenile-onset systemic sclerosis (JSSc) and 1 had juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Regarding the initial presentation, 10 cases had symptoms of rheumatic disease, 2 had polydipsia and polyuria, and 1 had goiter. All the 13 patients had multiple system involvement. Regarding endocrine disorder, 10 had thyroiditis or subclinical thyroiditis, 4 had diabetes mellitus and one had both thyroid and pancreas involvement. Thyroid stimulating hormone in 10 patient with thyroid involvment was 19.6 (5.2-34.0) mU/L, and their total thyroxine was 75.3 (45.2-105.4) nmol/L. Besides, thyroid peroxidase antibody or thyroglobulin antibody was positive in 7 cases. The blood glucose of 4 children with pancreatic injury was 25.0 (17.0-33.0) mmol/L, and C-peptide was 0.4 (0.3-0.5) mg/L. Glutamate dehydrogenase antibody, protein tyrosine phosphatase antibody and zinc transporter 8 antibody were positive in two cases. After treatement with immunosuppressant or immunoglobulin combined with glucocorticoid or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for rheumatic symptoms, and levothyroxine or insulin for endocrine diseases, they were all followed up for more than 6 months and maintained clinical stability. Conclusions: Rheumatic diseases in children can be complicated with endocrine disorders, and the involved organs are usually thyroid and pancreas. In children with rheumatic disease, thyroid injury usually has subtle onset, whereas pancreas injury develops rapidly, even life-threatening. Insulin should be used persistently under the instruction of endocrinologist. 目的： 总结分析风湿免疫性疾病合并内分泌腺损伤患儿的临床特点、治疗及转归。 方法： 回顾性分析自2014年1月至2020年12月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院风湿免疫科就诊的风湿免疫性疾病合并内分泌腺损伤的13例患儿的性别、年龄等一般资料，临床表现、体格检查、实验室检查、治疗及随访等临床资料。 结果： 13例患儿（男3例，女10例）发病年龄（10±4）岁，平均病程4.1个月，均无相关疾病家族史；13例患儿中系统性红斑狼疮8例，幼年特发性关节炎2例，儿童血管炎1例，儿童系统性硬化症1例，幼年皮肌炎1例；10例以风湿免疫性疾病相关表现为首发症状，2例以多饮多尿为首发症状，1例因甲状腺肿大就诊；13例患儿均存在多系统受累；10例存在甲状腺损伤，4例存在胰腺损伤，其中1例同时存在甲状腺及胰腺损伤；10例甲状腺损伤患儿促甲状腺激素为19.6（5.2~34.0）mU/L，总甲状腺素为75.3（45.2~105.4）nmol/L，7例存在甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体或甲状腺球蛋白抗体阳性；4例胰腺损伤患儿血糖为25.0（17.0~33.0）mmol/L，C肽0.4（0.3~0.5）mg/L，2例存在谷氨酸脱氢酶抗体及蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体、锌转运体8抗体阳性。13例患儿经免疫抑制剂联合糖皮质激素或非甾体抗炎药，人免疫丙种球蛋白联合糖皮质激素，以及左甲状腺素或胰岛素治疗后随访超过6个月，风湿免疫性疾病及合并的内分泌疾病病情均平稳。 结论： 儿童风湿免疫性疾病可以合并内分泌腺损伤，以甲状腺和胰腺多见。儿童风湿免疫性疾病合并甲状腺损伤多隐匿起病，预后良好，但是合并胰腺损伤进展迅速，可危及生命，需在内分泌科医师指导下长期胰岛素替代治疗。.
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