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  • Title: Captopril alleviates oxidative damage in diabetic retinopathy.
    Author: Gao X, Liu K, Hu C, Chen K, Jiang Z.
    Journal: Life Sci; 2022 Feb 01; 290():120246. PubMed ID: 34953892.
    Abstract:
    AIMS: To primarily explore the mechanism of captopril in oxidative stress and investigate the link between captopril alleviated oxidative damage and diabetic retinopathy (DR). MAIN METHODS: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were used for in vitro experiments and cultured in a 5.5 mM or 30 mM glucose medium. Sprague-Dawley rats were used for in vivo experiments, and parts of the rats were established for diabetic groups by injected streptozotocin (n = 10, each group). Both experiments had a captopril-treated group. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and human 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) were detected in assay kits and ELISA. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of steroid regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Evans blue were used to describe retinal histopathology. KEY FINDINGS: The levels of TC, ROS, NO, and 3-NT were increased in the higher glucose groups compared with the normal controls during in vivo and in vitro experiments. Western blotting showed a higher level of SREBP2, iNOS, and VEGF and a lower eNOS level in the higher glucose groups. These results were reversed by captopril. Captopril relieved diabetic retinal vascular leakage. SIGNIFICANCE: Our study suggested that captopril alleviates oxidative damage in DR due to creating lower peroxynitrite by decreasing ROS and NO, which may provide a visible direction for DR research.
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