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  • Title: Evaluation of the sedative and physiological effects of xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in goats.
    Author: Nahvi A, Molaei MM, Samimi AS, Azari O, Mashayekhi H, Ebrahimzadeh F.
    Journal: Vet Med Sci; 2022 May; 8(3):1205-1210. PubMed ID: 35014205.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Many α2 -agonists are commonly used for sedation and analgesia in ruminants. INTRODUCTION: The present study aims to compare the sedative and physiological effects of intravenous (IV) administration of xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in goats. METHODS: Ten healthy goats aged 6 ± 1 months and weighing 15 ± 2 kg were used in experimental, crossover Latin square, randomised and blinded study. Animals were assigned to five IV treatments: control (normal saline); xylazine (100 μg kg-1 ); detomidine (50 μg kg-1 ); medetomidine (20 μg kg-1 ) and dexmedetomidine (5 μg kg-1 ). The degree of sedation was investigated using a numerical ranking scale of 0-10. Sedation scores were compared at each time using nonparametric (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U) tests. RESULTS: Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), ruminal motility and capillary refill time (CRT) were performed before (baseline) and after drug administration. Animals in α2 -adrenergic agonist treatments were sedated at 5-60 min. There were no significant differences among α2 -adrenergic agonist treatments at 5-60 min in sedation scores. HR significantly decreased from baseline 5-90 min after α2 -adrenergic agonists' administration. Ruminal motility was decreased in α2 -adrenergic agonist treatments at 5, 90 and 120 min and absent at 10-60 min. A significant decrease from baseline in RR was detected between 30 and 90 min after α2 -adrenergic agonists' administration. RT was unchanged in any treatment for 120 min. CRT was less than 2 s at all time points following each treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The duration of sedation was up to 60 min after IV administration of xylazine (100 μg kg-1 ), detomidine (50 μg kg-1 ), medetomidine (20 μg kg-1 ) and dexmedetomidine (5 μg kg-1 ) in goats in this study. No significant differences were detected between xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in goats.
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