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  • Title: Licochalcone A Induces Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Death Via Suppression of Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.
    Author: Laphanuwat P, Kongpetch S, Senggunprai L, Prawan A, Kukongviriyapan V.
    Journal: Asian Pac J Cancer Prev; 2022 Jan 01; 23(1):115-123. PubMed ID: 35092379.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-tumor effect of licochalcone A (LCA) on proliferation and migration in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Human CCA cells, KKU-100, KKU-213, KKU-214, KKU-156, and KKU-452 were used to study effect of LCA on proliferation and migration by a cytotoxicity assay, wound healing assay. Reactive oxygen species levels were evaluated using DHE-fluorescent probes. Proteins associated with cancer survival and progression were analyzed by immune blotting assay. RESULTS: LCA suppressed proliferation and induced cell death in CCA cells including KKU-100, KKU-213, KKU-214, KKU-156, and KKU-452. The CCAs cells were suppressed in association with LCA-induced accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased formation of ROS was causally related with suppression of Nrf2 and its down-stream antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes. These effects may lead to the expression of Bax and release of cytochrome c and ensuring cell death.  Interestingly, LCA could also inhibit cell migration and cell cycle arrest at low concentrations. These effects were associated with down-regulation of NF-kB, STAT3 and their down-stream proteins, cyclin D1, VEGF, and ICAM-1. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LCA has potential therapeutic activity in suppression of CCA cells.
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