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  • Title: Fragile X and autism: a multicenter survey.
    Author: Brown WT, Jenkins EC, Cohen IL, Fisch GS, Wolf-Schein EG, Gross A, Waterhouse L, Fein D, Mason-Brothers A, Ritvo E.
    Journal: Am J Med Genet; 1986; 23(1-2):341-52. PubMed ID: 3513570.
    Abstract:
    We screened 183 autistic males for the fra(X) and found 24 (13.1%) to be positive. Adding the subjects of this study to those of 11 other surveys, of which 6 were positive and 5 were negative, a total of 614 autistic males have been screened. Overall 47 (7.7%) were positive. Based on this estimate and the prevalence of autism and fra(X), we estimate that 12.3% of fra(X) males are autistic. We have found that 17.3% of our fra(X) males were autistic and overall a 21.2% frequency has been reported, these higher figures are most likely due to biases in age and ascertainment. With an overall 7.7% frequency of fra(X) among autistic males and an estimated 12.3% of autism among fra(X) males, we conclude there is likely to be a significant association of fra(X) with autism. Because fra(X) appears to be the single most common cause of the condition, chromosomal testing is recommended for any autistic person with undiagnosed etiology.
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