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  • Title: Iodine Status of Mother-Infant Dyads from Montréal, Canada: Secondary Analyses of a Vitamin D Supplementation Trial in Breastfed Infants.
    Author: Bertinato J, Gaudet J, De Silva N, Mohanty S, Qiao C, Herod M, Gharibeh N, Weiler H.
    Journal: J Nutr; 2022 Jun 09; 152(6):1459-1466. PubMed ID: 35218192.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Most pregnant or lactating women in Canada will not meet iodine requirements without iodine supplementation. OBJECTIVES: To assess the iodine status of 132 mother-infant pairs based on secondary analyses of a vitamin D supplementation trial in breastfed infants from Montréal, Canada. METHODS: Maternal iodine status was assessed using the breastmilk iodine concentration (BMIC). Singleton, term-born infants were studied from 1-36 months of age. Usual (adjusted for within-person variation) iodine intakes were estimated from urinary iodine and creatinine concentrations. Iodine status was assessed using median urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) and by estimating inadequate intakes by the cut-point method using a proposed Estimated Average Requirement for infants 0-6 months of age (72 μg/d). RESULTS: At 1, 3, and 6 months of age, 70%, 63%, and 3% of infants, respectively, were exclusively breastfed. From 1-36 months of age (n = 82-129), the median UICs were ≥100 μg/L (range, 246-403 μg/L), which is the cutoff for adequate intakes set by the WHO for children <2 years. Almost all (98%-99%) infants at 1 and 2 months, 2 and 3 months, and 3 and 6 months of age had usual creatinine-adjusted iodine intakes ≥ 72 μg/d. The median BMIC was higher (P < 0.001) at 1 month compared to 6 months of lactation [1 month, 198 μg/kg (IQR, 124-274; n = 105) and 6 months, 109 μg/kg (IQR, 67-168; n = 78)]. At 1 and 6 months, 96% and 79% of mothers, respectively, had a BMIC ≥ 60 μg/kg, the lower limit of a normal reference range. The percentages of mothers that used a multivitamin-mineral (MVM) supplement containing iodine were 90% in pregnancy and 79% and 59% at 1 and 6 months of lactation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The iodine status of infants was adequate throughout infancy. These results support a recommendation that all women who could become pregnant, who are pregnant, or who are breastfeeding take a daily MVM supplement containing iodine.
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