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  • Title: Modulated phases of nematic liquid crystals induced by tetrahedral order.
    Author: Rosseto MP, Selinger JV.
    Journal: Phys Rev E; 2022 Feb; 105(2-1):024708. PubMed ID: 35291139.
    Abstract:
    Recent theoretical research has developed a general framework to understand director deformations and modulated phases in nematic liquid crystals. In this framework, there are four fundamental director deformation modes: twist, bend, splay, and a fourth mode Δ related to saddle-splay. The first three of these modes are known to induce modulated phases. Here, we consider modulated phases induced by the fourth mode. We develop a theory for tetrahedral order in liquid crystals, and show that it couples to the Δ mode of director deformation. Because of geometric frustration, the Δ mode cannot fill space by itself, but rather must be accompanied by twist or splay. Hence, it may induce a spontaneous cholesteric phase, with either handedness, or a splay nematic phase.
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